Have You Ever Noticed Acne Locations May Reflect Your Health?
Have you ever noticed that the location of your acne might indicate something about your health? Statistics show over 70% of teenagers experience acne and pimples, highlighting a strong connection between acne location and overall health. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) further emphasizes that specific acne locations on the face can reflect internal health statuses. For example, forehead acne might point to stress or an overworked liver, while acne on the left cheek might signal poor blood circulation. These observations have clinical validation, suggesting paying attention to acne locations can help you understand your health better.
Key Highlights
- Different face areas might indicate different health signals.
- Forehead acne: Linked to heart and lung functions, stress, and sleep quality.
- Left cheek acne: Often points to liver health; dietary adjustments help.
- Chin acne: Associated with hormonal imbalances, especially around menstruation.
- Nose and temple acne: Related to digestion and liver detoxification; improved diet and hydration recommended.
- Proper skincare and avoiding irritants can reduce acne.
- Managing stress and regular exercise can stabilize hormones and lessen breakouts.
- Seek professional advice if acne worsens or comes with other symptoms.
Acne Locations and Health Connections
Acne Location | Associated System | Common Causes | Health Implications |
---|---|---|---|
Forehead | Heart, Lungs | Stress, poor sleep, heart fire | Indicates stress and poor circulation |
Left Cheek | Liver | Late nights, alcohol, fatty/sugary foods | Liver detox overload |
Right Cheek | Lungs | Smoking, asthma, poor air quality | Respiratory health warning |
Chin | Endocrine, Pelvic Region | Hormonal shifts, menstruation, PCOS | Hormonal imbalances |
Nose Wings | Gastrointestinal Function | Oily diet, indigestion | Digestive stress |
Nose Tip | Stomach, Endocrine | Fried/spicy foods, hormonal shifts | Stomach fire and hormone fluctuations |
Temples | Liver, Gallbladder | High-fat foods, poor sleep | Detoxification issues |
Between Eyebrows | Cardiopulmonary | Palpitations, poor circulation | Circulatory issues |
Lips/Philtrum | Digestion | Constipation, bowel issues | Poor digestive detox |
Neck | Endocrine, Body Constitution | Hormonal changes, dampness, heat | Hormonal fluctuations |
Ears/Hairline | External Hygiene | Residual hair products, sweat | Hygiene-related breakouts |
Chest | Sebum, Sweat | Sweat, clothing friction | Friction and ventilation |
Forehead Acne: Heart and Lung Health
Why It Happens
- Stress and anxiety affecting “heart fire”
- Poor sleep impacting heart health
- Circulation problems contributing to acne
According to TCM, forehead acne often relates to stress, anxiety, or sleep issues, sometimes called “heart fire.” Acne between the eyebrows may also reflect poor cardiopulmonary function, possibly accompanied by chest tightness or palpitations.
Cheek Acne: Liver and Lung Health
Left Cheek (Liver Health)
Common Reasons:
- Liver detoxification overload from late nights or alcohol
- Fatty or sugary diets
- Emotional stress increasing liver fire
In TCM, acne on the left cheek reflects liver stress from poor habits or diet. When overloaded, acne frequently appears here, indicating the liver’s stress from these choices.
Right Cheek (Lung Health)
Common Reasons:
- Lung fire, respiratory issues
- Air pollution or smoking
Right cheek acne often points to lung function or respiratory health, triggered by poor air quality, smoking, or underlying respiratory conditions.
Chin Acne: Hormonal Health
Common Reasons:
- Hormonal fluctuations (puberty, menstruation)
- Increased oil production from hormone shifts
- Possible PCOS indicated by irregular periods and excess hair
Chin acne is commonly associated with hormonal imbalances, especially during menstruation or puberty. In TCM, the chin area connects to pelvic health, highlighting possible reproductive or hormonal issues like PCOS.
Nose Acne: Digestive and Hormonal Signals
Nose Wings (Digestive Health)
Common Reasons:
- Greasy, spicy diets causing indigestion
- Toxin buildup from poor digestion
- Active oil glands leading to pore blockage
Acne around the nose wings signals digestive strain. Heavy diets cause toxin buildup, manifesting as acne due to blocked pores and active oil glands in this area.
Nose Tip (Stomach and Hormonal Health)
Common Reasons:
- Stomach fire from unhealthy diets (spicy/fried food)
- Hormonal imbalances (stress, menstrual cycle)
Nose tip acne indicates stomach fire and hormonal imbalances, often aggravated by unhealthy diets and hormonal fluctuations.
Temple Acne: Liver and Gallbladder Health
Common Reasons:
- High-fat diet increasing bile secretion
- Poor sleep impacting liver detoxification
- Spicy or sugary diets increasing liver fire
Temples reflect gallbladder health according to TCM. Poor dietary choices or disrupted sleep patterns hinder detoxification, causing acne around the temples.
Acne Between Eyebrows: Cardiopulmonary Health
Common Reasons:
- Heart palpitations, irregular heartbeat
- Poor circulation causing toxin buildup
Acne between the eyebrows suggests cardiopulmonary health issues, potentially related to poor circulation or heart irregularities.
Acne Near Lips and Philtrum: Digestive System
Common Reasons:
- Constipation, indigestion
- Intestinal disorders like IBS
- Slow bowel movements causing systemic inflammation
Lip area acne frequently correlates with digestive problems, where poor digestion or constipation leads to toxin accumulation, reflecting externally.
Neck Acne: Endocrine and Hormonal Signals
Common Reasons:
- Hormonal fluctuations from puberty, menstrual cycle, or stress
- Possible polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
- TCM indicates heat constitution, dampness, weak digestion
Neck acne is often hormone-related, intensified during adolescence or menstrual cycles. TCM associates this with specific body constitutions like dampness or heat, indicating deeper internal imbalances.
Acne around Ears and Hairline: External Hygiene Factors
Common Reasons:
- Residue from hair products (silicones, oils) blocking pores
- Sweat and sebum buildup due to hair coverage
- Poor hygiene practices or inadequate cleaning
These areas are frequently covered by hair, trapping sweat and sebum, further aggravating acne formation. Regular and thorough cleansing of these often-overlooked regions significantly reduces acne risk.
Chest Acne: Sebum, Sweat, and Friction
Common Reasons:
- Sweat and sebum accumulation due to delayed cleaning after sweating
- Wearing tight, non-breathable synthetic clothing
- Skin friction caused by clothing or backpacks
- Poor hygiene, residue from bath products, or excessive cleansing damaging the skin barrier
Chest acne (truncal acne) often occurs where sebaceous and sweat glands are most active. Sweat and sebum accumulation, especially without prompt cleansing after sweating, clog pores and trigger inflammation.
Why Do We Get Acne? Understanding Internal and External Factors
Internal Factors Causing Acne
- Hormonal Imbalance and Fluctuations
- Androgens regulate sebaceous glands; imbalances increase sebum.
- Liver metabolizes hormones; compromised function leads to excess sebum.
- Affected areas: chin and jawline, especially around menstrual cycles.
- Stress-Induced Hormonal Disruptions
- Elevated cortisol indirectly stimulates androgens and sebum.
- Common locations: forehead, temples, and chin.
- Recommendation: exercise, meditation, consistent sleep.
- Genetic and Constitutional Factors
- Genetics determine sebum production and pore-clogging tendencies.
- Variations in inflammatory responses to acne bacteria.
External Factors Causing Acne
- Excessive Sebum Production and Pore Blockage
- Oily skin and abnormal keratinization cause comedones.
- Cutibacterium acnes thrive in clogged pores.
- Dietary and Metabolic Impacts
- High-GI foods spike insulin and sebum production.
- Dairy and meat increase IGF-1 and androgens.
- Spicy and alcoholic foods worsen acne.
- Poor Cleansing and Lifestyle Habits
- Wrong products (silicones, mineral oils, fragrances).
- Irregular sleep impairs detoxification and repair.
- Environmental Pollution
- PM2.5, smog, and exhaust penetrate skin, causing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Comprehensive Acne Improvement Strategies
Area | Specific Measures | Scientific Basis and Benefits |
---|---|---|
Hormone Control | Regular sleep, medical evaluation | Balances hormones, reduces sebum |
Stress Management | 15 min daily meditation, aerobic exercise | Lowers cortisol, reduces stress acne |
Dietary Adjustments | Low-GI diets, avoiding dairy/gluten (4–6 weeks) | Lowers IGF-1, reduces inflammation |
Skincare | Gentle cleansers, 2% salicylic/10% azelaic acid | Exfoliation, bacteria suppression |
Medical Intervention | Oral isotretinoin, contraceptives, acupuncture | Reduces oil production, improves systemic health |
Acne Warning Signs by Location and When to Seek Medical Help
Internal Health Indicators Based on Acne Location
Acne Location | TCM Organ Connections | Common Health Warnings |
---|---|---|
Forehead | Heart fire, liver metabolism | Stress, poor sleep, overthinking |
Left Cheek | Liver Qi stagnation, blood flow | Emotional stress, late nights |
Right Cheek | Lung heat, respiratory issues | Allergic rhinitis, pollution, smoking |
Chin | Kidney/endocrine system | Irregular menstruation, PCOS, hormonal imbalances |
Nose | Spleen/stomach damp-heat | Constipation, excess stomach acid, oily diet |
Temples | Gallbladder channel blockage | Processed foods, liver/gallbladder stress |
4 Symptoms You Should Seek Immediate Medical Attention
- Acne That Won’t Go Away
- Signs of a Systemic Problem (e.g. irregular periods + hirsutism)
- Complicated or Severe Acne (e.g. pus in danger triangle)
- Needing Prescription Medication (e.g. oral isotretinoin)
Self-Assessment Before Seeking Medical Help
Evaluation Item | Mild (Observe) | Moderate (Medical Attention) | Severe (Immediate Attention) |
---|---|---|---|
Acne Count | < 10 scattered pimples | 10–50 with pustules | > 50 with cysts/nodules |
Pain Level | Mild tenderness | Noticeable pain | Severe pain ± fever |
Duration | < 2 weeks | 2–8 weeks | > 8 weeks without improvement |
Accompanying Symptoms | None | Mild redness | Swollen lymph nodes/ulcerations |
Scar Formation | None | Dark spots | Depressed/raised scars |
Why Professional Medical Advice Matters
The Role of Dermatologists
Dermatologists provide personalized treatments—topicals, orals, lasers, chemical peels—and guide proper skincare routines, identifying underlying issues.
Why Comprehensive Health Checks Help
Blood tests, hormone profiles, or ultrasounds target root causes (e.g. PCOS, digestive issues), preventing complications.
Medical Treatment Approaches
Dermatological Treatments
- Topicals: Benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid.
- Oral Medications: Tetracyclines, isotretinoin.
- Light-based Therapies: Blue light, pulsed dye laser.
Integrated Medical Care
- Endocrinology: Hormone evaluations.
- TCM: Herbal formulas, acupuncture.
- Nutrition: Zinc, vitamin A, omega-3 assessments.
Acne-Prone Life Stages
- Adolescence: Androgen surge → sebum ↑ → pore blockage.
- Menstrual/Pregnancy: Progesterone/androgen fluctuations.
- Stress/Fatigue: Cortisol ↑ → sebum ↑ → forehead, temples, chin outbreaks.
Diet-Related Acne Triggers
- High-Sugar Diets: SI insulin → IGF-1 → sebum ↑.
- High-Fat Diets: Saturated/trans fats → inflammation.
- Lack of Dietary Fiber: Constipation → toxin buildup.
- Dairy & Refined Carbs: IGF-1 ↑ → sebum ↑.
- Spicy Foods & Alcohol: Metabolic stress → inflammation.
Acne Caused by Improper Cleansing or Skincare Practices
- Inadequate Cleansing: Makeup/oil residue → pore block.
- Excessive Cleansing: Barrier damage → oil overproduction.
- Unsuitable Products: Silicones, oils, fragrances → pore block.
Acne Aggravated by Prolonged Mask-Wearing
- Humid, warm environment → sweat/sebum ↑ → “maskne.”
- Recommendation: replace masks, keep skincare routine.
Acne Triggered by Unhygienic Bedding
- Dirty pillowcases harbor bacteria → pore block.
- Recommendation: wash bedding weekly.
Acne Triggered by Lowered Immunity
- Microbial imbalance → inflammation.
- Nutritional deficiencies (A, C, E, zinc) → poor skin regeneration.
Everyday Habits for Acne Prevention and Treatment
- Healthy Diet
- Incorporate fresh vegetables, fruits, and whole grains rich in vitamins and antioxidants.
- Prioritize dietary fiber to improve digestion and reduce toxin buildup.
- Avoid high-sugar and high-fat foods, reducing inflammatory responses and pore blockage.
- Select quality proteins and healthy fats (fish, nuts, olive oil) to maintain skin health.
- Drink sufficient water (~2 liters/day) to enhance metabolism and skin hydration.
Hydration
- Drink at least 2 liters of water daily to flush toxins and enhance metabolism.
- Opt for water or unsweetened beverages over sugary drinks.
- Establish regular hydration habits, like starting each day with a glass of warm water.
Proper Skincare
- Use gentle cleansers that suit your skin type; avoid harsh alcohols and fragrances.
- Regularly remove makeup and cleanse skin morning and night, especially after sweating.
- Exfoliate once a week to prevent clogged pores, but avoid over-exfoliation.
- Moisturize adequately with non-comedogenic products.
- Regularly clean makeup tools and bedding to reduce bacterial buildup.
Regular Routine and Adequate Sleep
- Aim for 7–8 hours of consistent, high-quality sleep nightly.
- Avoid irregular sleep patterns, as inadequate rest exacerbates hormonal imbalances, causing acne flare-ups.
- Maintain a restful environment to ensure quality sleep.
Exercise Regularly
- Engage in aerobic exercises (running, swimming, cycling) to improve circulation and metabolism, expelling toxins through sweat.
- Try yoga or stretching to manage stress and support healthy skin.
- Shower and cleanse your skin after exercise to remove sweat and prevent breakouts.
Stress Management
- Regular exercise, meditation, and deep breathing lower cortisol levels, reducing stress-related acne.
- Incorporate relaxation routines, dedicating at least 10 minutes daily to relieve stress and stabilize emotions, promoting healthier skin.
Additional Acne Treatment Methods
Type | Suitable For | Core Ingredients/Tech | Professional Needed? |
---|---|---|---|
Topical Medications | Mild–moderate acne | Salicylic acid, BPO | No |
Aesthetic Treatments | Moderate–severe | Laser, peels, injections | Yes |
Traditional Chinese Medicine | Stress/systemic acne | Herbal formulas, acupuncture | Yes |
Topical Medications for Acne
- Salicylic Acid & Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO): Unclogs pores, reduces bacteria, controls inflammation, effective against mild acne and blackheads.
- Retinoids (Adapalene, Tretinoin): Promote skin cell turnover, prevent clogged pores, reduce inflammation and prevent scarring.
- Azelaic Acid: A gentle exfoliant, antibacterial, suitable for sensitive skin and pregnant women.
- Topical Antibiotics (Clindamycin, Erythromycin): Fight acne bacteria and inflammation, best for moderate acne.
Oral Medications for Acne
- Oral Antibiotics (Doxycycline, Tetracycline): Effective for moderate-to-severe acne, control bacterial growth and reduce inflammation.
- Isotretinoin (Oral Vitamin A): For severe or persistent acne; regulates oil production, reduces scarring. Requires strict medical supervision due to potential side effects.
- Hormonal Treatments (Contraceptive Pills, Anti-androgens): Suitable for hormonal acne in women, regulate hormone levels to reduce acne.
Aesthetic Procedures for Acne
- Blue Light / IPL / Laser Treatments: Effective antibacterial treatments, reducing active acne and improving skin texture.
- Chemical Peels (AHA/BHA): Exfoliate dead skin, clear blocked pores, reduce dark spots, suitable for sensitive skin.
- Microneedling and Fractional Lasers: Effective for acne scars, improving skin texture and pore size.
- Steroid Injections: Quickly reduce inflammation for severe cystic acne.
- Professional Extraction Treatments: Safe removal of blackheads and whiteheads by trained professionals.
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for Acne
- Herbal Formulas: Customized according to individual constitutions, aimed at clearing internal heat, detoxifying, and regulating hormonal balances.
- Acupuncture: Helps regulate hormone levels, improve circulation, reduce inflammation, and promote skin healing.
Risks of Popping Acne and Proper Handling Techniques
Why You Shouldn’t Pop Acne
- Infection and Inflammation:
- Unsterilized tools or hands introduce bacteria into pores, causing secondary infections or cellulitis.
- Acne located in the “danger triangle” (nose to mouth area) carries risks of severe infection, including cavernous sinus thrombosis, which can be life-threatening.
- Permanent Scarring:
- Improper squeezing damages collagen, causing depressed (atrophic) or raised (hypertrophic) scars.
- Repeated popping can lead to hyperpigmentation and persistent acne marks.
- Exacerbation of Acne:
- Prematurely squeezing unripe pimples can push inflammation deeper, worsening acne severity.
Acne Types You Should Never Pop
Acne Type | Characteristics | Risk of Squeezing |
---|---|---|
Closed Comedones | Hard lumps under skin | Deep cyst formation |
Cystic Acne | Deep, painful swelling | Severe scarring |
Danger Triangle Acne | Between nose & mouth corners | Brain infection risk |
Proper Acne Handling Recommendations
- Professional Dermatological Care:
• Dermatologists can safely remove mature pustules using sterilized instruments and administer injections to reduce inflammation. - At-Home Emergency Handling (Only for Mature Whiteheads):
• Step 1: Wash hands thoroughly, sterilize a comedone extractor or needle with alcohol.
• Step 2: Gently puncture the whitehead surface, press gently with cotton swabs to drain the pus.
• Step 3: Cleanse the area afterward, apply antibacterial ointment, and cover with acne patches. - Behaviors to Avoid:
• Avoid using bare hands or fingernails to pop pimples.
• Do not apply high concentrations of exfoliating acids aggressively, as it may cause additional irritation.
Choosing the Right Acne Patches for Effective Treatment
Recommended Brands and Features
- OMO Acne Patch: Medical-grade hydrocolloid, drug-free, latex-free, strong absorption, discreet, day and night use.
- DermaAngel Acne Patch: Ultra-thin edges, available in day/night variants, some containing salicylic acid.
- MAYSKIN Acne Patch: Highly discreet, strong adhesive, hypoallergenic, suitable for sensitive skin.
- Mentholatum Acnes Patch: Thin edges, waterproof, contains calendula oil for soothing.
- 3M Nexcare Acne Patch: Multiple sizes, strong absorption, waterproof, sweat-resistant.
Acne Patch Selection Criteria
- Acne Type Suitability:
• Ideal for superficial pimples with visible whiteheads.
• Limited effectiveness on deep cystic acne or closed comedones. - Absorbency and Material:
• Choose patches with strong absorption and breathable materials to avoid irritation. - Adhesion and Concealment:
• Moderate adhesive strength for secure yet gentle removal.
• Transparent or skin-colored patches for discreet daily wear. - Size and Shape:
• Match the patch size to fully cover the pimple for better infection. - Medicated vs. Non-medicated Patches:
• Medicated patches contain acne-fighting ingredients (e.g., salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide).
• Non-medicated patches suitable for sensitive skin, providing a protective barrier. - Application Frequency:
• Change patches every 8-12 hours or sooner if saturated.
Dermatologist-Recommended Acne Care Products
Skin Condition/Type | Recommended Product Type | Selection Advice |
---|---|---|
Surface Whiteheads | Hydrocolloid patches | Breathable, strong absorption |
Sensitive Skin | Non-medicated gels (Centella) | Gentle, anti-inflammatory |
Oily Skin | Salicylic acid cleanser + oil-free moisturizer | Controls oil, hydrates |
Recommended Ingredients by Acne-Prone Areas
- Forehead & Nose: These areas have active sebaceous glands, requiring antibacterial ingredients like Mandelic acid or Salicylic acid to control oil and exfoliate.
- Chin: Often hormonal, respond well to tea tree oil or salicylic acid to reduce inflammation and oil secretion.
- Cheeks: Sensitive skin benefits from gentle, soothing ingredients like chamomile or aloe vera.
- Back & Chest: Thicker skin responds best to antibacterial body washes containing ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid.
Recommended Acne-Fighting Cleansers
- Gentle, soap-free formulas.
- Key Ingredients: Salicylic acid, tea tree oil, witch hazel, panthenol, glycerin.
Recommended Moisturizers for Acne-Prone Skin
- Lightweight, non-comedogenic.
- Key Ingredients: Ceramides, panthenol, hyaluronic acid, omega fatty acids, dimethicone, glycerin.
Recommended Acne Treatment Gels and Serums
- Salicylic Acid: Unblocks pores.
- Benzoyl Peroxide: Antibacterial.
- Mandelic Acid: Mild exfoliant.
- Centella Asiatica & Chamomile: Soothing.
- Portulaca Oleracea: Healing.
Additional Effective Acne Care Ingredients
- Retinoids: Cell turnover.
- Aloe Vera: Hydrating, anti-inflammatory.
- Licorice Extract: Brightening.
- Willowherb Extract: Oil regulation.
Expert Advice for Acne Management
Product Selection Principles
- Avoid irritants (alcohol, fragrances).
- Match products to skin type.
- Choose clinically proven actives.
Recommended Skincare Routine
- Cleanser: Gentle, non-irritating.
- Treatment Gel/Serum: Targeted application.
- Moisturizer: Lightweight, barrier-supporting.
When to Consult a Dermatologist
- Severe, persistent, or recurring acne.
- Professional procedures: retinoids, antibiotics, peels, lasers.
Dermatologists’ Key Recommendations for Acne Management
- Oil Control: Regulate sebum.
- Antibacterial Treatment: Target C. acnes.
- Anti-inflammatory Care: Reduce redness/swelling.
- Gentle Hydration: Maintain barrier health.
Important Reminder: Always consult professionals before mixing strong actives and maintain regular follow-ups.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about Acne and Skin Care
Why Does Acne Always Appear in the Same Spot?
- Pore Structure & Oil Secretion
- Habits & Friction
- Hormonal & Health Signals
Recommendation: Review skincare and lifestyle, consult a dermatologist if persistent.
Can Acne Patches Cause More Irritation?
Yes—improper use traps bacteria. Recommendation: Clean skin, replace patches every 8–12 h.
Can You Wear Makeup When You Have Acne?
Yes—use non-comedogenic, lightweight makeup; remove thoroughly.
How to Choose Makeup When You Have Acne?
Oil-free, non-comedogenic, avoid irritants; powder or cushion formulas preferred.
Why Does Acne Usually Appear on the Forehead?
Stress, poor sleep; TCM links to heart fire. Recommendation: Regular sleep, gentle cleansers.
Is Toothpaste Effective Against Acne?
No—it irritates and damages the barrier. Use proven actives instead.
Why Is Back Acne Common?
Active sebaceous glands, sweat, tight clothing. Recommendation: Shower after sweating, wear breathable fabrics.
Does Popping Acne Cause Scarring?
Yes—improper popping scars and risks infection. Recommendation: Avoid, seek professional care.
Are Acne Patches Really Effective?
Effective for superficial whiteheads; less so for cystic acne. Use appropriately.
Why Does Acne Increase During Menstruation?
Hormonal fluctuations raise sebum. Recommendation: Adjust diet, sleep, antioxidants.
Does Eating Chocolate Increase Acne?
High-sugar/fat chocolate can worsen acne. Recommendation: Moderate dark chocolate, balanced diet.
Is Acne Exclusive to Oily Skin Types?
No—combination, dry, and sensitive skin can also break out. Recommendation: Balanced cleansing and hydration.
I Have Combination Skin; How Do I Prevent Acne in the T-Zone?
Use salicylic acid on T-zone, gentle hydration elsewhere.
My Skin Is Dry but Still Gets Acne; Are My Products Too Rich?
Possibly—avoid heavy creams; choose light hydrators.
Is Teenage Acne Just Hormonal? Will It Automatically Improve After Adolescence?
Often hormonal, but adult acne can persist. Recommendation: Healthy habits and proper skincare post-adolescence.
What’s the Difference Between Comedones and Acne?
- Comedones: Non-inflammatory, blocked pores.
- Acne: Inflamed pustules and swelling.
Recommendation: Treat comedones early to prevent progression.
References
📌 TCM and local clinic recommendations
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- Dr.Syuan Xuancao Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic. (nd). The location of acne can tell where the toxins are in the body! Acne keeps recurring. Traditional Chinese medicine teaches you to eat the right food . Retrieved from https://drsyuan.tw/pimple/
- Lianhua Dermatologist. (n.d.). What to do with acne? . Retrieved from https://www.lianhuadermatologist.com/post/acne-what-to-do
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- Hocom Clinic. (nd). Types and treatments of acne . Retrieved from https://hocom.tw/…266298
- Tainan Medical Beauty – I-Image Fashion Clinic. (nd). What to do if you have acne on your neck? Is acne on your neck cancer? Prevention and solution at a glance! . Retrieved from https://clinic.i-image.org/article/acne-on-neck
📌 Media and Health Network Information
- Health and Medical Network. (2022). Why can’t acne be cured? Doctors reveal the 7 major causes of acne! . Retrieved from https://www.healthnews.com.tw/article/58787
- Heho Health Network. (2017). Is the continuous occurrence of acne caused by gastrointestinal problems? . Retrieved from https://heho.com.tw/archives/733
- Heho Health Network. (2021). What to do if you get acne during the season change? Dermatologist’s analysis . Retrieved from https://heho.com.tw/archives/195986
- Heho Health Network. (2023). High stress and irregular schedules can make acne worse! . Retrieved from https://heho.com.tw/archives/294339
- Heho Health Network. (2023). Analysis of the causes of adult acne outbreaks . Retrieved from https://heho.com.tw/archives/273282
- Kangjian Life Health Network. (2017). Causes and prevention of acne . Retrieved from https://www.careonline.com.tw/2017/03/acne.html
- Kangjian Life Health Network. (2019). How much do you know about acne? Care methods from acne to cysts . Retrieved from https://www.careonline.com.tw/2019/02/acnes.html
- TVBS Health. (2023). Will spicy food cause acne? Dermatologists say it’s clear . Retrieved from https://health.tvbs.com.tw/regimen/326526
- ETtoday Health Cloud. (2022). Is repeated acne an endocrine disorder? . Retrieved from https://health.ettoday.net/news/2395263
- Uho Health Network. (nd). How to effectively control acne? Doctors recommend this . Retrieved from https://www.uho.com.tw/article-61426.html
- Taiwan Health Promotion Association. (nd). Health from the skin: acne and hormones . Retrieved from https://www.twhealth.org.tw/journalView…
- Dr. Jiang Shoushan. (nd). What to do with teenage acne? . Retrieved from http://www.docj.com.tw/new.php?id=57
- ELLE Taiwan. (nd). The reason for the continuous acne is not fried food but “it”! Dermatologists personally teach the rules of oily skin care to completely get rid of oily acne and enlarged pores . Retrieved from https://www.elle.com/tw/beauty/skin/g60809999/oil-skin-skincare/
📌 International research and official publications
- Taiwan Dermatological Association. (nd). Acne-free new strength: Acne training manual . Retrieved from https://www.derma.org.tw/upload/ckeditor/26.pdf
- Smith, RN, Mann, NJ, Braue, A., Mäkeläinen, H., & Varigos, GA (2009). Diet and acne . Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0190962209009670
- Kucharska, A., Szmurło, A., & Sińska, B. (2016). Significance of diet in treated and untreated acne vulgaris . Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4884775/